They are divided into a complex nexus of interrelated clans. In july 2001, the council submitted its advice to the minister in a report entitled language policy framework for south african higher education. Educational policies and problems of implementation in nigeria n. The current policy on education in nigeria the guide. The army has given its personnel one year to learn and be proficient in the three major nigerian languages yoruba, igbo and hausa.
There is no doubt that we have multiplicity of languages among different ethnic groups in nigeria with each group guarding its language jealously, yet there has not been a separate language policy, other than the bits and fragments in the national policy on education 1977 revised in 1981. Nigeria is linguistically diverse with over 250 ethnic groups and over 500 languages. In the context of nigeria, it has resulted in a complete overhaul of the education system and especially on the language in education policy. Nigeria is a multilingual nation with over 520 languages being spoken in the country. 235259 may 2008 with 2,332 reads how we measure reads. Today, arabic language is to be considered as an endangered specie of language in nigeria considering the language policy as found in the national policy of education where the status of. Two main modern pronouncements on language policy in nigeria merit our attention, to wit the national policy on education 1977, revised in 1981, and the 1979 constitution, which is more cited than its 1989 reincarnation. The future of french in nigeria s language policies article pdf available in journal of multilingual and multicultural development 293. A discussion of nigeria s national language policy looks at the official structure for language instruction, its rationale, and perceived problems and possibilities. Download national policy on education 6th edition 20.
He said that the language policy was newlyintroduced as the study of foreign and local languages was a. Language policy and planning for education in cameroon and. Language policy and educational development in africa. The other order i placed came just a few days later. Toward the development of a multilingual language policy in. The language in education policy documents which follow have been the subject of discussions and debate with a wide range of education stakeholders and roleplayers. Ruth adebile introduction the goals and overall philosophy of education in any nation is the prerequisite to the formation of language policy and planning for education. These factors, among others, include the ineffective and corrupt political leadership under which the public bureaucracy in nigeria thrives, the pervasive and deep rooted corruption within the public. Language policy and planning for education in cameroon and nigeria. The core section of the monograph investigates language policy and planning, with an emphasis on the mother tongue medium or first language policy and the multilingual policy. Tunde aina i ordered one of the books on a friday morning and had it in hand on monday afternoon. The fourth discusses language maintenance and language shift in nigeria with respect to the indigenous languages and english, the exoglossic language. Reexamining the fluctuations in language ineducation. It is what a government does either officially through legislation, court decisions, or policy to determine how languages are.
Contrary to the long held postulation that it was the objective of the colonial government to promote english language in the colony, the colonial. Institute of political studies, faculty of political studies, charles university in prague, czech republic. Plurilingualism in gongola state multilingualism, minority languages and language policy in nigeria agbor nigeria. Language teaching and language policy in nigeria request pdf. Policy implementation and its challenges in nigeria effiong, a. Okoroma rivers state university of science and technology nigeria the poor performance of the education sector in nigeria has become very worrisome.
The official language of nigeria, english, was chosen to facilitate the cultural and linguistic unity of the country postcolonization by the british. This paper argues from a different trajectory of diaglossic language policy such that gives functional roles to both. Implementing the national language policy in nigerian schools. It will thus be an invaluable tool for policy makers, researchers, practitioners, advocates and volunteers involved in disability. This followed the decision of cabinet in 1999 to prioritise the development of a language framework for higher education. The need for a national lingual franca that indexes the national identity of nigeria is one that has been theorized and debated through different lenses under language policy with the conflicting themes being the asymmetric relationship between an. The colonial language policy in kenya is important putting into consideration that it impacted greatly on postcolonial language policy. This article examines the role of english in nigeria as a medium of. Download citation ris format text format endnote format publication id fr359. This paper examines nigeria s language policies in terms of i the historical, sociolinguistic, political, educational, and ideological contexts in which they arose. Nigerian army introduces new language policy for personnel. There is a widened western educational gap between the north and south of nigeria with the predominantly muslim areas of. Formulation and implementation of educational policies in nigeria dayo odukoya, ph.
Formulation and implementation of educational policies in nigeria 1. The present study aims at analyzing the role of language planning and policy in precolonial nigeria as well as the colonial and postcolonial periods and the resultant effects to the development and decline of arabic language in nigeria. I begin with an overview of language policy from colonization to the present, mapping out the relative. Educational policy in nigeria hauwa imam educational policy in nigeria from the colonial era to the postindependence period hauwa imam1 abstract. Nairaland forum nairaland general education download national policy on education 6th edition 20 31842 views free download. Pdf the future of french in nigerias language policies. The major native languages spoken in nigeria represent three major families of african languages the majority are nigercongo languages, such as yoruba, ibo, the hausa language is afroasiatic. Mothertongue interference on english language pronunciation of senior primary school pupils in nigeria. They have also been the subject of formal public comment following their publication on 9 may 1997 government notice no. Eric ej824107 language policy and planning in nigeria.
The impact of globalization or civilization on education has taken different forms and shapes in different context. The country is also home to more than 520 languages, but there are many more languages which are yet to be classified. Educational language policy in nigeria is a very simple and easy to understand work that will facilitate some learning about issues of language in nigeria and environ. Implementing the national language policy in nigerian. Okoroma educational policies and problems of implementation in nigeria 247 a policy brings about a meaningful relationship between business objectives and organisational functions as it discourages deviations from planned courses of action. Communication in the english language is much more popular in the countrys urban communities than it is in the rural areas.
Policy implementation and its challenges in nigeria. The official language of nigeria is english, the former language of colonial british nigeria. Educational policies and problems of implementation in nigeria. C the new 9year basic education curriculum by sunday n. Introduction purpose of the guide this guide is intended to support first nations communities, governments, schools and language authorities across british columbia in the implementation of language policies and programs that lead to. The book shows that issues related to language diversity and language policy in education have been one of the major factors responsible for poor student academic performance in. Language in education policy in ghana has been in a flux since british colonial rule but particularly so after independence.
If you dont see any interesting for you, use our search form on bottom v. An international language like french or english, a vestige of colonialism, carries prestige, is used in higher education, and promises mobilityand yet it will not be well known by its users. Having firmly and solemnly resolve, to live in unity and harmony as one indivisible and indissoluble sovereign nation under god, dedicated to the promotion of interafrican solidarity, world peace, international cooperation and understanding. This paper therefore tries to examine the language situation in nigeria, the need for the language policy that will address the national language question and the pedagogical relevance of such policy. In nigeria, language policy on education dates back to the colonial era when in 1927 the british advisory committee on native education in tropical africa recommended that indigenous languages should serve as medium of instruction in the lower years of primary education musa r. It is my hope that, beginning with the convention on the rights of persons with disabilities, and now with the publication of the world report on disability, this century. The policy document has been revised to ensure that the policies address the perceived needs of the government in power and to try to ensure that the education sector is supportive of government development goals. Zarruk, rabiu a discussion of nigerias national language policy looks at the official structure for language instruction, its rationale, and perceived problems and possibilities. Research question this study drawn on the following research questions to contribute to the international literature on why educational policies fail in nigeria.
The essays inlanguages in africaexplore the layers of african multilingualism as they affect language policy and education. Many tensions and paradoxes that arise from bilingual education policies in multiethnic. National policy on education, 20 download full version. Language teaching and language policy in nigeria by david. A close examination of post independence language in education policies shows these fluctuating policies have moved from one form of bilingual education policy. Sunshine has a very impressive selection of good books, with a wide range of delightful selections of nigerian authors. Spring 2011 volume 9 issue 2 posted on 20110616 11. Even where there is a formal written language policy, its effect on language practices is neither guaranteed nor consistent. Implications for pedagogy 282 of this population, it is assumed that 30 million are students. Prospect for national unity dare williams omotoyinbo1a abstract various studies on the national policy on education npe have concentrated on the cognitive value of pedagogy and learning of the language aspect but few have viewed its importance on the togetherness of the nation nigeria. Nigeria survey nigeria dhs, 2018 language english recommended citation national population commission npc nigeria and icf. Nov 22, 2017 nigerian army introduces new language policy for personnel.
There is no doubt that we have multiplicity of languages among different ethnic groups in nigeria with each group guarding its language jealously, yet there has not been a separate language policy, rather the bits and fragments in the national policy on education 1977 revised in 1981. In recent years there has been renewed interest in the study of languages in nigeria. Language policy and minority language education in nigeria. Oct 04, 2018 the need for the articulation of policy guidelines on standards, procedures, strategies and for the coordination of roles to ensure and sustain the delivery of qualitative education in nigeria was given impetus by the outcomes of the 1969 national curriculum conference. Language policy for education and development in tanzania. Educational policy in nigeria from the colonial era to the. Reflections on linguistic interference and the impact of language policy and politics on minority languages emmanuel aito university of regina introduction known for its extreme linguistic diversity elugbe 1994, nigeria is home to languages. Nov 26, 2015 on this page you can read or download download civic education text book nigeria pdf in pdf format. Nigeria s national policy on education, published in 1977 was revised in 1981 and 1990. Issn 22221735 paper issn 2222288x onlinevol 3, no 10, 2012 language policy, mothertongue education and the role of the nigerian language teacher in nigerian language education b. The country provides free, governmentsupported education. Reflections on linguistic interference and the impact of language policy and politics on minority languages emmanuel aito university of regina introduction known for its extreme linguistic diversity elugbe 1994, nigeria is home to languages numbering about 400. As reported in 2003, nigerian english and nigerian pidgin were spoken as a second language by 60 million people in nigeria. This paper argues for a multilingual language policy that takes into account the different tiers of languages in nigeria, particularly, languages with lesser number of speakers than the major languages.
Cross river state educational experience the politics of language is a very sensitive issue in nigeria as language can hardly be detached from the apron strings of the peoples senses of identity and loyalty. Central books ltd and the linguistic association of nigeria the need for oral. Language policy for education and development in tanzania eleuthera sa swarthmore college abstract this paper examines language policy in tanzanian schools and its effect on education, equality and economic development. In nigeria there is no explicit and comprehensive national language policy but the documents for language planning are found in the 1979 and 1999 constitutions and the national policy on education of 1981 which was revised in 1998 to accommodate french as one of nigerias official languages. Formulation and implementation of educational policies in. The policy requires that the mother tongue or language of the immediate community be the medium of instruction at preprimary and early primary levels, with english emerging as medium of instruction halfway through primary education. The paper examines elements affecting language policy and planning, and their impact on education in africa, with a focus on nigeria. There are convincing reasons to believe that issues related to language diversity and language policy in education have been one of the major factors responsible for poor student academic performance in the nigerian educational system. Is the educational policy faulty or is it the implementation that is faulty. Historically, at times when the language competence and performance of nigerian students improves in english, their performances in other disciplines have. Language policy, mothertongue education and the role of the nigerian language teacher in nigerian language education 1. A close examination of post independence language in education policies shows these fluctuating policies have moved from one form of bilingual education policy to another.
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